ABSTRACT
Resumen: Objetivo: Determinar el serotipo y perfil de resistencia a antibióticos de cepas de Salmonella spp. presentes en la carne de res que se expende en la capital mexicana. Material y métodos: Se analizaron 100 muestras de carne molida. Se aisló el patógeno por métodos convencionales y se confirmó por PCR (gen InvA, 284 pb). El perfil de resistencia a antibióticos se determinó por el método de Kirby-Bauer y la serotipificación por el esquema de Kauffman-White. Resultados: Se detectaron los serotipos Lomita (6), Derby (4), Senftenberg (2), Javiana y Cannsttat (1). Se observó alta resistencia a ampicilina (18/19), carbenicilina (16/19), tetraciclina (13/19) y trimetoprim-sulfametoxasol (13/19). Cinco cepas fueron no tipificables y 14 mostraron multirresistencia. Conclusiones: La carne de res que se vende en el principal centro de consumo del país está contaminada con serotipos de Salmonella spp. relevantes para la salud pública. Una importante proporción de éstos es resistente a múltiples antibióticos.
Abstract: Objective: To determine the serotype and antibiotic resistance profile of Salmonella spp. isolated from retail ground beef in Mexico City. Materials and methods: A total of 100 samples of ground beef were analyzed. The pathogen was isolated by conventional methods and confirmed by PCR (invA gene, 284 bp).The antibiotic resistance profile was determined by the Kirby-Bauer method while serotyping was performed according to the Kauffman-White scheme. Results: We isolated a total of 19 strains of Lomita (6), Derby (4), Senftenberg (2), Javiana and Cannsttat (1) and undetermined (5) serotypes. The strains showed a high resistance rate to ampicillin (18/19), carbenicillin (16/19), tetracyclin (13/19), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (13/19). Multidrug resistance was observed in 14 isolates. Conclusions: Several Salmonella spp. serotypes of public health significance are circulating in ground beef sold in the major Mexican city. Some of these strains are multi-drug resistance.